These underground locations containing stalagmites and stalactites formed by the dissolution of limestone are explored by spelunkers. What are they called?

• A. Caverns
• B. Grottoes
• C. Caves
• D. Mines

Answer: (C)

Underground spaces carved by the dissolution of limestone form natural caves. Spelunkers explore these spaces, so the best term for them is caves. Inside caves you’ll often find stalactites hanging from the ceiling and stalagmites rising from the floor, created by mineral-rich water dripping over long periods and leaving deposits. Caverns are typically large rooms within a cave system, so while they’re related, the general label for these environments is caves. Mines are human-made tunnels, and grottos are usually smaller, picturesque recesses rather than expansive cave networks.