Name the Greek mathematician known for the buoyancy principle and the 'Eureka' moment.

• A. Aristotle
• B. Euclid
• C. Pythagoras
• D. Archimedes

Answer: (D)

Archimedes is the Greek mathematician associated with the buoyancy principle and the famous “Eureka!” moment. Buoyancy arises because a submerged object is pushed upward by a force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces, which explains why objects float or sink based on density and displaced fluid. The moment of insight reportedly happened when he was in the bath, noticing water rise as he entered and realizing that the amount of displaced water could reveal the volume of an irregular object. That breakthrough led to the method used to check a crown’s purity, hence the exclamation “Eureka!” Archimedes’ contributions go beyond this principle, including the Archimedean screw, and he’s distinguished from the others listed, who are known for different achievements.